A study of catalogue entries for the Royal Academy summer exhibitions, 1880-1883, the period when the Manchester Society of Women Painters was created, up to Annie’s move to Rome. Specifically, works by women artists.

The full list is HERE.

The main observations are:

• The preponderance of male artists, comprising 88% of the works exhibited, but given the disadvantages women had in society, pleasing to see that so many are still represented.
• The generalised secondary place of women according to the cultural norms of the time, such as being listed with marriage status and indexed secondarily, ‘Jane Smith’ always being listed after ‘John Smith’ even though this is not correct alphabetically.
• The Metropolitan bias of the selection. Out of 306 artists, 228 are listed with addresses in the Greater London area and another 49 in mostly south-eastern England. There are 12 from northern England, 1 each from Scotland and Wales, 2 from Ireland and 13 with addresses in continental Europe.

Aside from Annie and Isabel, two additional Manchester school women artists exhibited, Mary L. Breakell with two floral paintings, and S. Louisa Morgan with a single portrait.

---

Page last updated 2 Jun 2025.